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Challenges and solutions in developing basic competencies of speaking skills in Tourism among 11th grade students’ at SMKN 1 Gowa.
This study aims to analyze the challenges in developing basic competencies of
speaking skills, to describe the influential factors faced by eleventh grade
students majoring in Tourism Services Business at SMKN 1 Gowa, and to
identify the learning strategies used to overcome those challenges. The
research employed a descriptive qualitative method through observation and
interviews with ten students to explore their experiences and strategies in
learning English speaking. The findings reveal five main factors affecting
students’ speaking performance: age, psychological, personality, sociocultural,
and linguistic factors. Age factor relates to cognitive development,
psychological factors include fear of making mistakes and lack of motivation,
personality factors involve individual traits such as shyness, sociocultural
factors reflect environmental support and teaching methods, and linguistic
factors cover limited vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation issues. To
address these challenges, students applied various learning strategies
including metacognitive, cognitive, social, affective, and communicative
approaches. These strategies help students plan, monitor, and evaluate their
learning, expand vocabulary, and maintain interaction during communication.
The study highlights that both internal and external factors influence students’
speaking skills, and that applying appropriate strategies enables them to
improve their competence and confidence in English speaking.
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