This research aims to find out the symbolic meanings of Pakarena Traditional Dance Performed in Gowa raya. This research was analysed based on Ferdinand de saussure's theory about signifier and dignified. This research applied qualitative method and used simiotic approach to analyze the data.
This research discussed about strategy which aimed to find out the strategy that characters expressed in the Martin's novel "A Dance with Dragons" and this research was conducted in order to show the apology strategy within the novel. This research based on Trosborg's theory about apology strategy.